Lay agency and the generation of public-private mix health care maps. / O agir leigo e a produção de mapas de cuidado mistos público-privados.

This paper discusses part of the results obtained from a study carried out in two cities of the so-called ABCD Paulista Region in the period 2010-2012, in an attempt to spot the existence of non-state regulatory rationale towards access and consumption of health care services. The first stage includes interviews carried out with strategic stakeholders (managers and politicians) and key workers players. The second stage collected the stories of 18 very frequent users of health care services. This study revealed the leading role played by users to produce "health care maps", with emphasis on the frequent use of public and private resources in their itineraries, circumventing or merging with government regulation to obtain the care they need. The different formats of public-private mix transcend the still prevailing "official" concepts about the clear distinction between the two systems, which reveals the importance of this theme to public health management.

O agir leigo e a produção de mapas de cuidado mistos público-privados / Lay agency and the generation of public-private mix health care maps

Resumo O artigo problematiza parte dos resultados de estudo realizado em dois municípios do ABCD paulista no período de 2010 a 2012 com o objetivo de evidenciar a existência de lógicas regulatórias não estatais na viabilização do acesso e consumo de serviços de saúde. Na primeira etapa, foram realizadas entrevistas com atores estratégicos (gestores e políticos) e atores-trabalhadores-chave. Na segunda, foram coletadas histórias de vida de 18 pessoas com elevada frequência de utilização de serviços de saúde. O estudo revelou o papel protagonista dos usuários na construção de “mapas do cuidado”, com destaque para a utilização frequente de recursos públicos e privados nos seus percursos, contornando ou se mesclando com a regulação governamental, para a obtenção do cuidado de que necessitam. Os diferentes formatos do mix público-privado observados transcendem as concepções “oficiais” ainda vigentes sobre a distinção nítida entre os dois sistemas, revelando a importância desse tema para a gestão pública da saúde.

Abstract This paper discusses part of the results obtained from a study carried out in two cities of the so-called ABCD Paulista Region in the period 2010-2012, in an attempt to spot the existence of non-state regulatory rationale towards access and consumption of health care services. The first stage includes interviews carried out with strategic stakeholders (managers and politicians) and key workers players. The second stage collected the stories of 18 very frequent users of health care services. This study revealed the leading role played by users to produce “health care maps”, with emphasis on the frequent use of public and private resources in their itineraries, circumventing or merging with government regulation to obtain the care they need. The different formats of public-private mix transcend the still prevailing “official” concepts about the clear distinction between the two systems, which reveals the importance of this theme to public health management.

[Lay agency and healthcare: producing healthcare maps]. / O agir leigo e o cuidado em saúde: a produção de mapas de cuidado.

This study aimed to characterize which regulatory logics (other than government regulation) result in healthcare output, using a two-stage qualitative study in two municipalities in the ABCD Paulista region in São Paulo State, Brazil. The first stage included interviews with strategic actors (managers and policymakers) and key health professionals. The second phase collected life histories from 18 individuals with high health-services utilization rates. An analysis of the researchers' involvement in the field allowed a better understanding of the narratives. Four regulatory systems were characterized (governmental, professional, clientelistic, and lay), indicating that regulation is a field in constant dispute, a social production. Users' action produces healthcare maps that reveal the existence of other possible health system arrangements, calling on us to test shared management of healthcare between health teams and users as a promising path to the urgent need to reinvent health.

O agir leigo e o cuidado em saúde: a produção de mapas de cuidado / Lay agency and healthcare: producing healthcare maps / Agencia laica y producción de salud: elaboración de mapas de salud

O estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar que outras lógicas de regulação, para além da governamental, resultam na produção do cuidado, por meio de pesquisa qualitativa realizada em dois municípios do ABCD Paulista, São Paulo, Brasil, em duas etapas. Na primeira, foram realizadas entrevistas com atores estratégicos (gestores e políticos) e atores-trabalhadores-chave. Na segunda, foram coletadas histórias de vida de 18 pessoas com elevada frequência de utilização de serviços de saúde. A análise de implicação dos pesquisadores com o campo permitiu uma melhor compreensão das narrativas. Foram caracterizados quatro regimes de regulação (governamental, profissional, clientelístico e leigo), indicando que a regulação é campo em permanente disputa, é uma produção social. Com o seu agir, os usuários produzem mapas de cuidado que nos indicam como há outros arranjos possíveis de sistemas de saúde, representando um convite para experimentarmos a cogestão do cuidado entre equipes e usuários, como caminho promissor para a inadiável necessidade de reinvenção da saúde.

This study aimed to characterize which regulatory logics (other than government regulation) result in healthcare output, using a two-stage qualitative study in two municipalities in the ABCD Paulista region in São Paulo State, Brazil. The first stage included interviews with strategic actors (managers and policymakers) and key health professionals. The second phase collected life histories from 18 individuals with high health-services utilization rates. An analysis of the researchers’ involvement in the field allowed a better understanding of the narratives. Four regulatory systems were characterized (governmental, professional, clientelistic, and lay), indicating that regulation is a field in constant dispute, a social production. Users’ action produces healthcare maps that reveal the existence of other possible health system arrangements, calling on us to test shared management of healthcare between health teams and users as a promising path to the urgent need to reinvent health.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar otras lógicas de regulación en la producción de salud, además de la gubernamental. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa en dos etapas, realizada en dos distritos del ABCD Paulista, São Paulo, Brasil. En la primera se llevaron a cabo entrevistas con actores estratégicos (políticos) y con los actores-trabajadores-clave. En la segunda se recogieron historias de vida de 18 personas con un alto nivel de uso de servicios. El análisis de la implicación en el estudio campo permitió a los investigadores una mejor comprensión de los relatos. Se encontraran cuatro sistemas regulatorios (gubernamental, profesional, clientelista y laico), lo que indica que la regulación es un terreno en disputa permanente, una producción social. Los usuarios producen mapas de cuidado que apuntan a otras posibles soluciones para los sistemas de salud, una invitación a experimentar la cogestión entre los equipos y usuarios, como una forma prometedora de la urgente necesidad de reinvención de la salud.

[Users and the technological transition in the supplemental health sector: case study of a health insurance plan company]. / Os usuários e a transição tecnológica no setor de saúde suplementar: estudo de caso de uma operadora de plano de saúde.

This paper presents the results obtained from qualitative research conducted with a group of users involved in Case Management, a program which was developed by a company of a medical group to provide healthcare for patients in situations of high vulnerability. The study sought to create a perspective in which the experience of the user, instead of representing merely additional or superimposed information upon the quality of services, is considered an inherent part of the arrangement under scrutiny, with the ability to highlight its internal qualities and contradictions. The results show how patients attribute high value to the healthcare they receive, with special emphasis on the bond that is created with the health team in charge, even when contact is only by telephone. Simultaneously, they are able to perceive the double-sided aspect presented by the regulation/assistance model found in the technological arrangement at issue, notably in relation to the prominent role played by the economic bias towards cost reduction--which lies in the forefront of its operationalization--and the final impact it has upon the final quality of healthcare.

Os usuários e a transição tecnológica no setor de saúde suplementar: estudo de caso de uma operadora de plano de saúde / /Users and the technological transition in the supplemental health sector: case study of a health insurance plan company

O artigo apresenta os resultados de investigação realizada junto a usuários do case management, programa desenvolvido por uma empresa de medicina de grupo para o cuidado de pacientes vivendo situação de alta vulnerabilidade. Buscou-se construir uma perspectiva na qual a experiência do usuário, ao invés de representar apenas uma informação adicional ou superposta à qualidade dos serviços, é considerada parte indissociável do arranjo estudado, com potência para iluminar qualidades e contradições internas. Os resultados mostram como os pacientes dão alto valor aos cuidados recebidos, com especial ênfase no vínculo criado com a equipe responsável, mesmo que apenas por via telefônica. Ao mesmo tempo, conseguem perceber a dupla face regulação/modelo assistencial presente no arranjo tecnológico estudado, sobretudo o quanto o forte viés econômico de redução de custo que preside sua operacionalização impacta na qualidade final do cuidado.

This paper presents the results obtained from qualitative research conducted with a group of users involved in Case Management, a program which was developed by a company of a medical group to provide healthcare for patients in situations of high vulnerability. The study sought to create a perspective in which the experience of the user, instead of representing merely additional or superimposed information upon the quality of services, is considered an inherent part of the arrangement under scrutiny, with the ability to highlight its internal qualities and contradictions. The results show how patients attribute high value to the healthcare they receive, with special emphasis on the bond that is created with the health team in charge, even when contact is only by telephone. Simultaneously, they are able to perceive the double-sided aspect presented by the regulation/assistance model found in the technological arrangement at issue, notably in relation to the prominent role played by the economic bias towards cost reduction - which lies in the forefront of its operationalization - and the final impact it has upon the final quality of healthcare.

[Primary healthcare and the construction of thematic health networks: what role can they play?]. / A Atenção Básica à Saúde e a construção das redes temáticas de saúde: qual pode ser o seu papel?

The enhancement of primary healthcare has been a core strategy for the empowerment of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Recent guidelines issued by OPAS and the Ministry of Health highlight the role it has played as a thematic communication network center, a regulating agent for the access and use of services required for comprehensive healthcare. Sponsored by PPSUS/Fapesp, this study examines the possibilities of the primary healthcare network exercising such a strategic function. Life narratives involving 15 regular users were produced in two cities of ABC Paulista, which have adopted the Family Health Strategy for the organization of their primary healthcare networks. The study presents three main findings: the primary healthcare network serves as an outpost of SUS by producing user values even for high complexity service users; the primary network is perceived is a place for simple care needs; there is shared impotence between users and teams when it comes to the network functioning as the coordinator of care, indicating that it does not possess the technological, operational and organizational material conditions or symbolic conditions (values, meanings, and representations) to be in a central position in the coordination of thematic healthcare networks.

A Atenção Básica à Saúde e a construção das redes temáticas de saúde: qual pode ser o seu papel? / Primary healthcare and the construction of thematic health networks: what role can they play?

O fortalecimento da atenção básica tem sido valorizado como estratégia central para a construção do SUS. Diretrizes recentes emanadas pela OPAS e pelo MS destacam seu papel como centro de comunicação de redes temáticas, como reguladora do acesso e utilização dos serviços necessários para a integralidade do cuidado. O presente estudo, financiado com recursos PPSUS/Fapesp, problematiza as possibilidades da rede básica exercer tal função estratégica. Foram produzidas narrativas de vida de 15 usuários altamente utilizadores de serviços de saúde em dois municípios do ABC paulista, que adotaram a Estratégia de Saúde da Família para organização de suas redes básicas. O estudo apresenta três achados principais: a rede básica funciona como posto avançado do SUS, produzindo valores de uso mesmo para os pacientes utilizadores de serviços de alta complexidade; a rede básica é vista como lugar de coisas simples; há uma impotência compartilhada entre usuários e equipes quando se trata da rede básica funcionar como coordenadora do cuidado, indicando como ela não reúne condições materiais (tecnológicas, operacionais, organizacionais) e simbólicas (valores, significados e representações) de deter a posição central da coordenação das redes temáticas de saúde.

The enhancement of primary healthcare has been a core strategy for the empowerment of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Recent guidelines issued by OPAS and the Ministry of Health highlight the role it has played as a thematic communication network center, a regulating agent for the access and use of services required for comprehensive healthcare. Sponsored by PPSUS/Fapesp, this study examines the possibilities of the primary healthcare network exercising such a strategic function. Life narratives involving 15 regular users were produced in two cities of ABC Paulista, which have adopted the Family Health Strategy for the organization of their primary healthcare networks. The study presents three main findings: the primary healthcare network serves as an outpost of SUS by producing user values even for high complexity service users; the primary network is perceived is a place for simple care needs; there is shared impotence between users and teams when it comes to the network functioning as the coordinator of care, indicating that it does not possess the technological, operational and organizational material conditions or symbolic conditions (values, meanings, and representations) to be in a central position in the coordination of thematic healthcare networks.